Urolithin hmoov

Urolithins yog dab tsi?

Urolithins yog cov khoom sib xyaw lossis cov metabolites ntawm cov khoom siv ellagic acid xws li ellagitannins. Cov tshuaj lom neeg no tau hloov pauv los ntawm ellagic acid-derivatives los ntawm lub plab microbiota.

Txij li cov hnyuv hauv plab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov urolithins, tus nqi ntawm urolithins uas tsim tawm hauv lub cev nyob ntawm seb hom kab mob hauv cov paj ntoo, cov kab mob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog rau pawg Clostridium leptum. Nws tau tshaj tawm tias cov neeg nrog microbiota nplua nuj hauv cov tswv cuab ntawm pab pawg no tsim cov lej ntau ntawm cov urolithins ntau dua li cov uas muaj lwm cov paj ntoo xws li Bacteroides lossis Prevotella.

Urolithins kuj tseem tsim los ntawm punicalagin hauv lub plab, zoo ib yam li ellagitannins, thiab tom qab ntawd tso tawm hauv cov zis. Txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas urolithin ntau lawm hauv lub cev, lawv qib yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas hauv cov zis ntawm tus neeg uas tau noj cov zaub mov nplua nuj nyob hauv ellagic acid lossis ntxiv nrog urolithins ua lawv cov khoom tseem ceeb. Urolithin, ib zaug hauv cov ntshav, tuaj yeem kuaj pom hauv daim ntawv ntawm glucuronides.

Urolithins yog ib txwm muaj nyob hauv ntau cov zaub mov, txawm hais tias tsis yog txhua cov qauv ntawm urolithins tuaj yeem muab tau los ntawm zaub mov. Thaum cov zaub mov nplua nuj nyob hauv ellagic acid tau noj, nws nyob ntawm lub plab zom mov kom tawg ellagitannins thiab punicalagin ntxiv rau hauv cov khoom nruab nrab nruab nrab thiab cov khoom kawg; molecules ntawm urolithin.

Cov lwg me me tsis ntev los no tau txais koob meej thiab txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv raws li cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo vim lawv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qog, tiv thaiv kev laus, tiv thaiv kev mob qog noj ntshav, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig autophagy. Ntxiv mus, tshwj xeeb cov urolithin cov lwg me me cuam tshuam nrog kev txhim kho qib zog vim tias lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev noj qab haus huv hauv lub cev. Kev tsim hluav taws xob hauv lub cev yog txheej txheem uas tshwm sim hauv mitochondria, thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov organelle no yog ib qho ntawm ntau txoj haujlwm ntawm Urolithins.

Paub Molecules ntawm Urolithin

Urolithins hais txog kev sib sau ua ke rau cov qauv sib txawv uas yog tsev neeg urolithin tab sis muaj cov tshuaj sib txawv, IUPAC cov npe, cov qauv tshuaj, thiab cov khoom siv. Ntxiv mus, cov lwg me me tau siv dav sib txawv thiab txiaj ntsig ntawm tib neeg lub cev thiab yog li ntawd tau tshaj tawm txawv hauv daim ntawv ntxiv.

Urolithins, tom qab kev tshawb fawb dav dav, tau paub txhawm rau txhawm rau cov molecules hauv qab no hauv lub cev, txawm hais tias tsis paub ntau txog txhua qhov qauv tshwj xeeb:

Rol Urolithin A (3,8-Dihydroxy Urolithin)
Rol Urolithin A glucuronide
Rol Urolithin B (3-Hydroxy Urolithin)
Rol Urolithin B glucuronide
● Urolithin D (3,4,8,9-Tetrahydroxy Urolithin)

Urolithin A thiab Urolithin B, feem ntau hu ua UroA thiab UroB feem, yog cov paub zoo metabolites ntawm Urolithins hauv lub cev. Ob qho no tseem yog cov lwg me me uas tam sim no tau siv hauv cov tshuaj ntxiv thiab hloov hmoov noj.

Ib zaug hauv cov ntshav, Urolithin A tam sim no zoo li Urolithin A glucuronide, thiab Urolithin B tuaj yeem kuaj pom raws li Urolithin B glucuronide. Vim li no, nws ntseeg tias lawv muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo ib yam li lawv qhov ua ntej raws li hauv vivo cov kev tshawb fawb tsis tau nrog urolithins. Qhov tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb hauv vivo ua rau nws nyuaj rau ntsuas yog tias UroA thiab UroB glucuronides muaj qhov cuam tshuam txawv ntawm UroA thiab UroB lawv tus kheej.

Urolithin A muaj lwm qhov txiaj ntsig uas tuaj yeem kuaj pom hauv cov ntshav, uas yog, Urolithin A sulfate. Tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig no ua tiav lawv cov haujlwm hauv cov ntshav thiab tom qab ntawd tshem tawm ntawm cov kab ke los ntawm cov zis.

Urolithin D yog lwm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb uas tau tsim los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub plab microbiota, txawm li cas los xij, tsis paub ntau txog nws cov txiaj ntsig thiab siv tau. Tam sim no, nws tsis tau siv rau hauv ib qho tshuaj ntxiv lossis hloov khoom noj, tsis zoo li nws cov khoom sib xws, UroA thiab UroB. Ntxiv mus, kev noj zaub mov zoo ntawm Urolithin D tsis paub.

Urolithin Cov Lus Qhia Txog Cov Hmoov

Urolithin A tsis muaj ib txwm muaj los ntawm cov khoom noj thiab yog koom nrog pab pawg sib xyaw hu ua benzo-coumarins lossis dibenzo-α-pyrones. Nws tau hloov pauv los ntawm ellagitannins mus rau Urolithin A 8-Methyl Ether ua ntej yuav tawg ntxiv mus rau hauv Urolithin A. Cov khoom kawg no muaj nyob rau hauv ntau ntawm peb cov chaw tsim khoom hauv daim ntawv ntawm Urolithin A hmoov. MethylUrolithin A hmoov kuj tseem muaj nyob hauv kev yuav khoom yog tias xav tau.

Urolithin A tsis muaj nyob hauv tib qib, txawm tias muaj tib qib kev noj ntawm nws cov neeg ua ntej, hauv tib neeg sib txawv vim tias nws txhua tus nyob ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab microbiota. Urolithin A cov metabolism yog ntseeg kom xav tau Gordonibacter urolithinfaciens thiab Gordonibacter pamelaeae tab sis qee tus neeg nrog cov no tseem qhia tau me me kom tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tsim cov molecule.

Urolithin A muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb uas ua rau nws sawv tawm ntawm lwm yam khoom, zoo li cov tau hais hauv cov lus hauv qab no.

CAS Number	1143-70-0
purity	98%
IUPAC npe	3,8-Dihydroxybenzo [c] chromen-6-ib
Synonyms	3,8-dihydroxy-6H-dibenzo (b, d) pyran-6-ib; 3,8-DIHYDRO DIBENZO- (B, D) PYRAN-6-ONE; 3, 8-Dihydroxy-6H-benzo [c] chromen-6-ib; Castoreum pigment kuv; Urolithin A; 6H-Dibenzo (B, D) pyran-6-ib, 3,8-dihydroxy-; 3,8-dihydroxy-6H-dibenzopyran-6-ib); urolithin-A (UA; 3,8-dihydroxy-6H-dibenzo (b, d) pyran-6-ib
molecular Formula	C13H8O4
molecular Nyhav	228.2
Melting Point	> 300 ° C
InChI Qhov Tseem Ceeb	RIUPLDUFZCXCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
daim ntawv	Khoom
tsos	Lub teeb Daj hmoov
Half-Life	Tsis paub
solubility	Soluble hauv DMSO (3 mg / mL).
cia mob	Hnub mus rau Lub Lis Piam: Hauv qhov tsaus ntuj, chav qhuav ntawm 0 -4 degrees C Lub Hli mus Rau Xyoo: Hauv Lub Freezer, deb ntawm cov dej ntawm -20 degrees C.
Daim ntawv thov	Kev noj zaub mov siv raws li kev hloov zaub mov thiab tshuaj ntxiv

Urolithin B Hmoov Cov Lus Qhia Pob

Urolithin B yog phenolic compound uas tsuas yog pib ua cov khoom lag luam txij li Lub Ib Hlis xyoo 2021. Nws tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm kev noj ntau yam zaub mov uas yog ntuj tsim los ntawm ellagitannins uas tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus rau hauv Urolithin B. Nws tau pom tias muaj zog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev laus uas koj tuaj yeem yuav ntau hauv daim ntawv ntawm Urolithin B hmoov.

Cov khoom sib txawv ntawm Urolithin B hmoov muaj nyob ntawm peb lub tuam txhab tsim khoom tau hais hauv qab no:

CAS Number	1139-83-9
purity	98%
IUPAC npe	3-Hydroxy-6H-dibenzo [b, d] pyran-6-ib
Synonyms	AURORA 226; Urolithin B; AKOS BBS-00008028; 3-hydroxy urolithin; 3-hydroxy-6-benzo [c] chromenone; 3-hydroxybenzo [c] chromen-6-ib; 3-Hydroxy-benzo [c] chromen-6-ib; 3-HYDROXY-6H-DIBENZO [B, D] PYRAN-6-ONE; 6H-Dibenzo (b, d) pyran-6-ib, 3-hydroxy-; 3-Hydroxy-6H-benzo [c] chromen-6-ib AldrichCPR
molecular Formula	C13H8O3
molecular Nyhav	212.2 g / mol
Melting Point	> 247 ° C
InChI Qhov Tseem Ceeb	WXUQMTRHPNOXBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
daim ntawv	Khoom
tsos	Lub teeb xim av lub ntsej muag
Half-Life	Tsis paub
solubility	Soluble ntawm 5mg/mL thaum sov, kua ntshiab
cia mob	2-8 ° C
Daim ntawv thov	Anti-oxidant thiab Pro-oxidant ntxiv nrog cov tshuaj estrogenic.

Sib nrug los ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm Urolithins uas tau tsim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab, muaj ntau ntau cov molecules uas yog cov nruab nrab tsim thaum lub sijhawm ua txhaum ntawm cov ua ntej. Cov nruab nrab no suav nrog:

Rol Urolithin M-5
Rol Urolithin M-6
Rol Urolithin M-7
Rol Urolithin C (3,8,9-Trihydroxy urolithin)
● Urolithin E (2,3,8,10-Tetrahydroxy urolithin)

Tsis paub ntau txog cov neeg nruab nrab tam sim no, txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb ntxiv muaj peev xwm nrhiav pom cov txiaj ntsig thiab siv ntawm cov Urolithin molecules no.

Urolithins Ua Haujlwm Li Cas?

Urolithins, zoo li lwm yam sib xyaw siv hauv kev pabcuam, cuam tshuam rau cov kabmob sib txawv thiab cov txheej txheem hauv lub cev, los tsim lawv cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntawm Urolithins, ob qho tib si A thiab B, tuaj yeem faib ua rau rau rau ceg loj, thiab txhua ceg muaj peev xwm los tsim ntau yam txiaj ntsig.

● Antioxidant Properties
Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm kev muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antioxidant yog txo cov kev nyuab siab oxidative hauv lub cev. Kev nyuab siab Oxidative hais txog kev nyuab siab ntawm cov cell thiab cov nqaij hauv lub cev vim los ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg uas tsim cov tshuaj sib txuas tsis ruaj khov, tseem hu ua dawb radicals. Cov dawb radicals no muaj peev xwm ntxiv los koom nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg tsis haum hauv lub cev, cov khoom tsim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov cell thiab cov nqaij.

Urolithins tshem tawm qhov kev nyuab siab oxidative, uas ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev raug mob ntawm tes thiab ua rau muaj feem ntawm kev muaj sia nyob ntawm tes. Cov teebmeem no tau ua tiav los ntawm kev txo qis ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev (iROS), uas yog hom dawb radicals. Ntxiv mus, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm Urolithin A thiab Urolithin B kuj tshwm sim los ntawm kev txo NADPH oxidase subunit qhia, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov tshuaj lom neeg ua rau muaj kev nyuab siab oxidative.

Txhawm rau tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob, Urolithins tseem nce qhov kev qhia tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob heme oxygenase-1 ntawm Nrf2/ARE teeb tsa txoj hauv kev. Qhov no pab lawv tsis tsuas yog txo qhov sib xyaw ua kom puas tab sis tseem ua rau cov enzymes zoo uas txhawb nqa cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.

Urolithins, thaum muab rau cov nas nrog LPS-ua rau lub paj hlwb puas, cuam tshuam kev ua kom lub microglial, lossis hauv cov ntsiab lus yooj yim dua, caws pliav thiab mob tsim uas yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub paj hlwb puas. Cov nyhuv no ntawm urolithins ntseeg tau tias yog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm.

● Cov Khoom Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm Urolithins yog ib qho laj thawj tseem ceeb rau nws lub koob npe nrov hauv ntiaj teb ntxiv. Cov txheej txheem los ntawm cov tshuaj sib xyaw no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Urolithin A, Urolithin B, thiab lawv daim ntawv glucuronides, tau dav sib txawv thiab tsim cov txiaj ntsig sib txawv sib npaug.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm Urolithin A thiab Urolithin B muaj cov txheej txheem tib yam li Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs lossis NSAIDs xws li Ibuprofen thiab Aspirin. Urolithins paub tias muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov PGE2 thiab kev qhia ntawm COX-2. Raws li NSAIDs txwv tsis pub qhia tawm ntawm ob qho COX 1 thiab COX 2, nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias Urolithins muaj kev xaiv ntau dua los tiv thaiv kev mob.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm Urolithins tau raug pov thawj tsis tsuas yog tiv thaiv kev mob hauv lub cev tab sis kuj tseem tuaj yeem thim rov qab qhov kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev mob mus ntev uas tau ua rau lub cev tsis ua haujlwm. Hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau ua ntawm cov qauv tsiaj, nws tau pom tias kev siv cov tshuaj urolithin muaj peev xwm txo qis cov tshuaj nephrotoxicity los ntawm kev txwv tsis pub lub raum cell tuag thiab mob.

Nws tau pom tias urolithin A hmoov, muab hais lus, muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau ntawm txoj hauv kev mob nrog rau proapoptotic cascade, li no, tiv thaiv lub raum ua haujlwm. Cov khoom no ntawm Urolithin A nrog rau lwm cov ntsiab lus urolithins rau yav tom ntej uas cov tshuaj sib xyaw no tuaj yeem siv tshuaj kho mob nrog rau lawv tam sim no siv ua tshuaj ntxiv.

● Anti-Carcinogenic Properties
Urolithins ntseeg tias yog tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khees xaws vim lawv muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam xws li kev kaw lub voj voog ntawm tes, tiv thaiv aromatase, induction apoptosis, tiv thaiv qog nqaij hlav, txhawb nqa autophagy, thiab muaj hnub nyoog, hloov pauv kev tswj hwm ntawm oncogenes, thiab kev loj hlob zoo receptors. Cov teebmeem no, yog tias tsis tuaj, tuaj yeem ua rau cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav tsis zoo. Cov yam ntxwv tiv thaiv ntawm Urolithins tau raug pov thawj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau mob qog noj ntshav prostate thiab mob qog noj ntshav, nrog ntau tus kws tshawb fawb sib sau ua ke rau kev siv Urolithins ua cov tshuaj muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav.

Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tau ua hauv xyoo 2018 tau kawm txog Urolithin qhov cuam tshuam ntawm txoj kev mTOR nrog lub hom phiaj nrhiav kev kho mob rau mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic. Kev mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic cuam tshuam nrog cov neeg tuag coob, tab sis kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no qhia tias Urolithin tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog nce tus nqi ciaj sia tab sis tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev cog cov qog nqaij hlav rau lwm qhov hauv lub cev, ua rau muaj metastasis. Urolithin A tau kawm tshwj xeeb thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau muab piv rau cov txiaj ntsig tau tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev kho mob. Nws tau txiav txim siab tias Urolithin A tsim cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua thaum siv los tswj kev mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic, hauv ob qho tib si; thaum siv ib leeg lossis nrog txoj kev npaj kho.

Nrog kev tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv, cov txiaj ntsig Urothilins tuaj yeem suav nrog kev kho mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic ib yam.

● Cov tshuaj tua kab mob
Urolithins tau paub txog lawv cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab lawv muaj cov txiaj ntsig no los ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov kab mob me me, tsis tso cai rau lawv txav mus los lossis kis kab mob rau cov cell. Lawv kuj tseem ntseeg tias muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob fungal, txawm hais tias cov txheej txheem tseeb tseem tsis tau meej.

Muaj ob hom kab mob uas Urolithins muaj qhov tshwj xeeb muaj zog tiv thaiv, ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv rau tib neeg lub cev. Cov kab mob no yog kab mob malarial thiab Yersinia enterocolitica, nrog rau ob qho tib si ua rau mob hnyav rau tib neeg. Cov txheej txheem dhau los uas Urolithins muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis hais txog ntawm cov kab mob yog tib yam.

● Anti Estrogenic thiab Estrogenic Properties
Estrogen yog ib yam tshuaj tseem ceeb hauv poj niam lub cev, thiab kev poob qis hauv nws qib yog cuam tshuam nrog cov tsos mob xws li yaug dej, kub hnyiab, thiab pob txha poob qis. Muab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj hormone, nws ua rau muaj kev nkag siab tias qhov kev hloov pauv tau raug tshawb nrhiav. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj hormones exogenous muaj qee yam kev phiv uas ua rau lawv siv tsis xav tau.

Txawm li cas los xij, Urolithin A thiab Urolithin B muaj cov qauv zoo ib yam li cov tshuaj endogenous thiab muaj kev nyiam rau cov tshuaj estrogen receptors hauv lub cev. Urolithin A muaj kev sib raug zoo dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau alpha receptor piv rau beta receptor. Txawm hais tias ob qho ntawm cov sib txuas no muaj cov qauv zoo sib xws nrog cov tshuaj estrogen, urolithins muaj ob qho tshuaj estrogenic thiab anti-estrogenic, tsis zoo li cov tshuaj endogenous.

Qhov sib npaug ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Urolithins ua rau lawv muaj peev xwm xaiv txoj kev kho mob rau qee yam teeb meem uas tshwm sim thaum exogenous estrogen tau muab los kho cov tsos mob ntawm cov tshuaj tsis txaus.

Hib Protein Glycation Inhibition
Protein glycation yog txheej txheem uas cov suab thaj qab zib tau khi rau cov protein. Cov txheej txheem no tau pom thaum lub hnub nyoog laus lossis yog ib feem ntawm qee yam tsis meej pem. Urolithins txwv tsis pub ntxiv cov piam thaj, yog li ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig tiv thaiv glycation. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv txwv tsis pub tsim cov khoom lag luam glycation kawg, kev sib sau ua ke uas yog cov txheej txheem pathophysiological tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho ntshav qab zib.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Urolithins

Urolithins muaj cov txheej txheem sib txawv ntawm kev nqis tes los tsim cov txiaj ntsig tiv thaiv sib txawv hauv tib neeg lub cev. Urolithin A hmoov thiab Urolithin B hmoov pab tsim cov tshuaj uas muaj npe nrov vim yog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb. Txhua qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj sib xyaw no tau txhawb nqa los ntawm cov pov thawj tshawb fawb, thiab txawm tias tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv tau ua los txhawb nqa ntxiv ntawm Urolithins hauv cov lus qhia rau kev kho mob ntau yam.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov sib txuas no, raws li cov txheej txheem hais los saum no, suav nrog:

● Antioxidant Properties
Urolithins tau muab rho tawm los ntawm ntau cov zaub mov nplua nuj nyob hauv ellagitannins uas lawv tus kheej tau paub tias muaj nplua nuj nyob hauv antioxidants. Cov khoom noj ntau tshaj plaws rau ellagitannins thiab ellagic acid yog pomegranates, thiab lawv kuj yog qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub qhov txawv yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov khoom noj thiab urolithins zoo ib yam lossis yog tias ib tus muaj peev xwm siab dua lwm qhov.

Kev tshawb fawb thawj zaug ntawm Urolithin A thiab Urolithin B tau qhia tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antioxidant ntawm cov no yog 42 npaug tsawg dua li ntawm cov txiv ntoo nws tus kheej, yog li hais tias cov tshuaj sib xyaw no yuav tsis ua rau cov khoom xyaw zoo rau cov tshuaj ntxiv.

Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no nrog txoj kev sib txawv ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas pom tias Urolithin A thiab B yog ob qho tib si muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj lub zog tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas yuav tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntawm oxidative kev nyuab siab. Thaum tib txoj kev ntsuas tau siv los kawm txhua qhov urolithins kom pom qhov twg yog qhov muaj zog tshaj, Urolithin A tau sawv tawm. Cov txiaj ntsig tau rov tsim dua hauv kev tshawb fawb zoo ib yam nrog Urolithin A ua tus coj hauv lub zog, dua.

Qhov tseeb, ib qho ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb tsom mus rau ntsuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antioxidant ntawm cov tshuaj sib xyaw no los ntawm kev sim lawv lub peev xwm los tawm tsam kev ntxhov siab. Rau lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb no, cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab hauv cov hlwb neuronal thiab thaum raug rau Urolithins, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Urolithin B, lawv tau pom tias muaj kev txo qis hauv kev ntxhov siab nrog rau kev muaj sia nyob ntawm cov leeg hlwb.

● Cov Khoom Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm Urolithins tsim ntau yam txiaj ntsig, txhua yam uas tau ua pov thawj tshawb fawb.

1.Antimalarial nyhuv
Ib hom tshuaj kho tsev kho mob npaws uas tau siv dav hauv qee qhov chaw nyob deb nroog cuam tshuam nrog kev siv Pomegranate. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau sim nkag siab qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov tshuaj no ntawm kev kho tus mob malaria los ntawm kev koom nrog cov txiaj ntsig nrog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Urolithins metabolized hauv lub plab los ntawm pomegranate.

Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tau ua los kawm txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Urolithins hauv kev kho tus mob npaws los ntawm kev nthuav tawm cov kab mob monocytic uas muaj kab mob rau Urolithins. Txoj kev tshawb no pom tias cov tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw ua rau tso tawm MMP-9, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb metalloproteinase hauv kev txhim kho thiab kab mob pathogenesis ntawm malaria. Kev txwv tsis pub cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob npaws los ntawm kab mob hauv lub cev, yog li vim li cas nws thiaj ntseeg tias muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob npaws.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb tseem pom tias Urolithins txwv tsis pub mRNA qhia txog kab mob malarial, ua rau muaj kev txwv ntxiv ntawm cov kab mob me me muaj peev xwm ua rau kis mob. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb no ua pov thawj tias cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev kho hauv tsev suav nrog pomegranate yog los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm urolithin.

2.Xaiv ntawm Endothelial Cells
Atherosclerosis yog ib qho xwm txheej tshwm sim uas ua rau lub plawv tsis zoo thiab ua rau lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm. Ob qhov xwm txheej uas tshwm sim tom qab kev txhim kho atherosclerosis yog kev ua haujlwm tsis txaus thiab ua rau mob. Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau sim ua pov thawj tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm Urolithin tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv lub cev, thiab yog li, tswj kev tsim cov atherosclerosis thiab kev txhim kho.

Urolithin A tau pom los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb kom muaj qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv kev ua txhaum ntawm txhua qhov urolithins. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau tsom mus rau tib neeg cov hlab ntsha endothelial uas tau muab txau nrog oxidized LDL, qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntej rau kev tsim atherosclerosis, thiab ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm Urolithin A. Cov kws tshawb fawb pom tias Urolithin A inhibited nitric oxide synthase thiab txo qis kev qhia ntawm I-CAM, txo qhov mob thiab txo qis peev xwm ntawm cov cell, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog monocytes kom ua raws li cov cell endothelial, feem. Txo kev txo qis monocytic ua rau txo qis kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo.

Ntxiv mus, Urolithin A tau pom los txo qis kev qhia ntawm qog necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, thiab endothelin 1; tag nrho cov pro-inflammatory cytokines.

3. Ua rau Fibroblasts hauv Colon
Colon tau nthuav tawm rau cov kab mob exogenous thiab cov khoom noj uas ua rau nws tsis yooj yim rau mob, uas nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm ntev tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv. Raws li Urolithin A thiab Urolithin B tau tsim los ntawm cov paj ntoo hauv lub cev, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb kom paub lawv cov kev cuam tshuam hauv thawj qhov chaw hauv lub cev uas lawv tau tsim.

Txhawm rau kawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Urolithins ntawm cov nyuv hlwb thiab fibroblasts, cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua qhov kev sim uas fibroblasts tau nthuav tawm rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cytokines thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau Urolithins. Raws li tau hais los saud, nws tau pom tias Urolithins txwv tsis pub monocyte adhesion thiab fibroblast tsiv teb tsaws chaw txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev mob hauv cov nyuv.

Ntxiv mus, nws tau pom tias Urolithins txwv tsis pub ua kom muaj NF-κB yam, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj kev mob o. Qhov tseeb, cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias qhov no yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob urolithins.

● Anti-Carcinogenic Properties
Urolithins tau cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav, thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom no tau hais los saum no. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom no tau hais hauv qab no:

1.Protection los ntawm Cancer Prostate
Kev kuaj pom Urolithins hauv lub cev feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev siv ntshav lossis tso zis; Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tuaj yeem kuaj pom nyob rau ob leeg nyuv ntawm cov txiv neej thiab poj niam thiab cov qog ntshav ntawm cov txiv neej.

Raws li qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev tshawb pom no, cov kws tshawb fawb tau sim tshuaj xyuas yog tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj sib xyaw tau pom hauv cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav zoo li lawv nyob hauv cov nyuv. Li no, txoj kev tshawb fawb tau tsim, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov ua pov thawj tias Urolithins muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav hauv lub cev.

Nws tau pom tias Urolithin A thiab Urolithin B, nrog rau Urolithin C thiab Urolithin D inhibited CYP1B1 enzyme hauv cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav. Cov enzyme no yog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev siv tshuaj kho mob thiab nws tau tiv thaiv los ntawm Urolithin A, piv rau lwm cov urolithins. Lawv kuj tseem cuam tshuam CYP1A1, txawm li cas los xij, yuav tsum muaj kev tso siab ntau dua ntawm urolithins los tsim cov txiaj ntsig ntawd.

Lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb tau ua los kawm txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob prostate ntawm Urolithins. Nws tau pom tias Urolithin A muaj kev tiv thaiv mob qog noj ntshav rau mob qog noj ntshav prostate los ntawm ob qho tib si, p53 tus neeg nyob thiab p53 yam ywj pheej.

2.Topoisomerase 2 thiab CK 2 inhibition
Urolithins muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav los ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm ob peb txoj hauv kev molecular uas ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj qha ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm qog noj ntshav. CK2 enzyme yog ib qho tseem ceeb enzyme uas koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem molecular, nrog nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txhawb kev mob thiab mob qog noj ntshav.

Urolithins txwv txoj kev sib txawv kom mus txog txhua qhov chaw enzyme, CK2 kom thaum kawg txwv nws cov txiaj ntsig, xws li nws lub zog txhawb kev mob qog noj ntshav. Urolithin A tau pom tias yog lub zog CK2 inhibitor, hauv silico.

Ib yam nkaus, Topoisomerase 2 inhibition ntseeg tias muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav. Qhov tseeb, cov txheej txheem no yog siv los ntawm qee tus neeg siv tshuaj kho mob xws li Doxorubicin. Hauv kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no, nws tau pom tias Urolithin A muaj zog dua li Doxorubicin hauv kev tiv thaiv Topoisomerase 2, yog li, hu rau nws ntxiv rau cov lus qhia tam sim no rau kev kho qee yam mob qog noj ntshav.

● Cov tshuaj tua kab mob
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm Urolithins nyob ntawm Quorum Sensing Inhibition uas tshem tawm lub peev xwm ntawm cov kab mob me me los sib txuas lus, txav mus los, thiab tsim yam virulence. Nws yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau kev muaj sia nyob ntawm cov kab mob, thiab nws txoj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm Urolithins yog qhov ua rau tuag taus rau cov kab mob me me.

Cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kab mob tseem ceeb ntawm Urolithin yog nws lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv lub plab los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm Yersinia enterocolitica. Qhov tseeb, Urolithins cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov paj ntoo hauv lub cev, tib yam paj ntoo uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau lawv cov khoom hauv thawj qhov chaw. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsuas yog cov kab mob tshwj xeeb hauv cov paj ntoo tuaj yeem ua rau kev tsim khoom ntawm Urolithins.

● Anti Estrogenic thiab Estrogenic Properties
Urolithins khi rau Estrogen receptors thiab tsim ob qho tib si, cov tshuaj estrogenic thiab anti-estrogenic. Qhov no ua rau nws yog tus neeg xaiv tsa zoo rau Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators lossis SERMs, lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm qhov uas yog kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv ib cheeb tsam ntawm lub cev thiab cuam tshuam rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev.

Hauv ib qho ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb tau ua los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm urolithins ntawm cov tshuaj estrogen receptors, nws tau pom tias lawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog urolithin A, txwv cov noob qhia ntawm ER-positive endometrial cancer cells, uas ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv mob qog noj ntshav endometrial. Endometrial hypertrophy yog ib qho tshwm sim tshwm sim ntawm exogenous estrogen nyob rau tom qab neoplasia zoo li cov poj niam noj tshuaj hloov pauv tshuaj, thiab kev siv urolithins ntseeg tau tias muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm endometrium. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb ntxiv yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej Urolithins tuaj yeem dhau los ua tshuaj SERM tom ntej.

Hib Protein Glycation Inhibition
Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov khoom lag luam siab kawg glycation yog qhov cim ntawm hyperglycemia uas ua rau tib neeg muaj ntshav qab zib cuam tshuam txog kev mob plawv lossis txawm tias mob Alzheimer. Urolithin A thiab Urolithin B tau pom tias muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv glycation uas tiv thaiv kev mob plawv thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txhim kho neurodegeneration.

Li no, kev txwv cov protein glycation los ntawm Urolithins ntseeg tias muaj ob qho kev tiv thaiv kab mob plawv thiab tiv thaiv kab mob.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Urolithin A tshwj xeeb tau hais hauv qab no:

● Ua kom lub neej ntev dua
Kev laus, kev ntxhov siab, thiab qee yam kev ua tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau lub mitochondria puas tsuaj, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim lub zog ib txwm muaj thiab siv hauv lub cev. Ntxiv mus, mitochondria feem ntau hu ua 'lub zog ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes', uas cuam tshuam nws qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ib txwm ntawm tes. Li no, ib qho kev puas tsuaj rau lub zog no yuav cuam tshuam rau lub xov tooj ntawm tes thiab txo nws txoj sia.

Urolithins induce cov txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb hu ua mitophagy uas tso cai rau lub cev tshem tawm cov mitochondria puas, tsis hais yog vim li cas rau kev puas tsuaj, thiab ua rau lub neej ncua ntev. Raws li qhov kev puas tsuaj, mitochondria tuaj yeem rov ua dua tshiab rau cov khoom noj thiab lub zog tsim khoom.

Uro Neuroprotective
Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, urolithins muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab nws yog cov khoom no uas txhawb nqa kev tsim cov cell neuronal hauv lub hlwb, uas muaj qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev paub thiab nco cia. Ntxiv mus, Urolithin A tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv neurodegeneration pom nrog Alzheimer's tus kab mob, yog li, cov teebmeem neuroprotective.

● Tiv thaiv Prostate Cancer
Urolithin A muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav tab sis lawv pom tshwj xeeb tshaj yog mob qog noj ntshav prostate, nrog rau ntau txoj kev tshawb fawb txhawb kev siv pomegranate thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm Urolithins rau kev kho mob qog noj ntshav prostate.

● Kho Rog
Urolithin A muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev rog vim nws tsis tsuas yog txwv tsis pub cov rog rog ntau hauv lub cev tab sis tseem txwv cov cim ua lub luag haujlwm rau adipogenesis. Hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb tau ua ntawm cov qauv tsiaj, nws tau pom tias Urolithin A muaj qhov ua kom zoo ntawm T3 cov thyroid hormone, uas ua rau muaj kev siv zog ntau ntxiv hauv cov nas. Qhov no ua rau cov thermogenesis thiab ua rau cov rog xim av yaj, thaum cov rog dawb raug ntxias kom ua xim av.

Hauv tib txoj kev tshawb fawb, nws tau pom tias URolithin A muaj kev tiv thaiv kev rog dhau txawm tias nyob hauv cov nas uas tau noj zaub mov muaj roj ntau. Qhov no qhia tau tias muaj kev cog lus zoo txog kev rog yog kev txhawj xeeb thiab cov kws tshawb fawb tau hu rau tib neeg daim ntawv thov ntawm cov kev tshawb pom no kom tuaj yeem muaj peev xwm siv cov tshuaj no los tawm tsam kev rog rog.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Urolithin B yog raws li hauv qab no:

● Tiv thaiv kom cov leeg poob
Urolithin B qhia qee qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm Urolithin A tab sis muaj ib qho txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb, tshwj xeeb rau nws tus kheej. Urolithin B tau paub los tiv thaiv cov leeg poob hauv ob lub cev thiab kab mob hauv lub xeev. Ntxiv mus, nws txhawb nqa cov leeg pob txha loj hlob los ntawm kev nce cov protein sib txuas hauv cov leeg.

Nws kuj tseem muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov leeg atrophy raws li pom hauv kev tshawb fawb tau ua ntawm cov nas uas tau muaj lawv cov hlab ntsha tawg. Qhov no yuav tau ua rau cov nqaij ntshiv tab sis cov nas tau cog nrog cov twj osmotic me me uas txuas ntxiv ua rau lawv Urolithin B. .

Kev siv tshuaj Urolithins

Urolithins tau muab los ntawm cov khoom sib txuas hauv ntuj thiab lawv cov tshuaj ntxiv tau txiav txim siab kom ua tau zoo yam tsis muaj tshuaj lom. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov sib txuas no tseem tab tom tshawb fawb thiab muaj qhov txwv ntau npaum li cas uas yuav tsum tau ua raws nruj.

Rol Urolithin A.
Tom qab kev tshawb fawb dav dav txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Urolithin A, muaj ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb tau ua los ntsuas qhov raug ntawm cov tshuaj no. Kev nqus, Digestion, Metabolism, thiab Kev Kawm Tshem Tawm tau ua los tshuaj xyuas cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw.

Txoj kev tshawb fawb tau muab faib ua ob qhov, nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg hnub, thiab nws tau pom tias 28-hnub kawm nrog 0, 0.175, 1.75, thiab 5.0% ntawm Urolithin A sib xyaw hauv kev noj zaub mov thiab 90-hnub kawm nrog 0, 1.25, 2.5, thiab 5.0% Urolithin A sib xyaw hauv cov zaub mov pom tias tsis muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov chaw kuaj mob, tshuaj lom ntshav, lossis hematology, thiab tsis cuam tshuam txog cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom tshwj xeeb. Ob qho kev tshawb fawb tau ntsuas qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 5% UA los ntawm qhov hnyav hauv cov zaub mov uas coj mus rau cov tshuaj hauv qab no; 3451 mg/kg BW/hnub rau txiv neej thiab 3826 mg/kg BW/hnub hauv poj niam hauv 90-hnub qhov ncauj kawm.

Rol Urolithin B.
Zoo ib yam li Urolithin A, Urolithin B tau kawm ntau yam los tshuaj xyuas qhov zoo npaum li cas. Txawm hais tias nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias cov kev tshawb fawb tau tsom mus rau kev nyab xeeb kom ua tiav cov leeg nqaij nce siab. Qhov koob tshuaj no tau pom tias yog 15uM, rau ob tus poj niam, tsis hais qhov hnyav li cas.

Rol Urolithin A 8-Methyl Ether
Cov tshuaj no tseem siv tau ib yam, feem ntau vim tias nws yog ib nrab thaum Urolithin A ntau lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb txaus rau qhov tsim nyog noj kom tau txiav txim siab rau qhov tshwj xeeb Urolithin no.

Zaub Mov Khoom ntawm Urolithins

Urolithins tsis pom ib txwm nyob hauv ib qho khoom noj khoom haus, txawm li cas los xij, lawv pom muaj li ellagitannins. Cov tannins tawg mus rau hauv ellagic acid, uas txuas ntxiv mus rau hauv Urolithin A 8-Methyl ether, tom qab ntawd mus rau Urolithin A, thiab thaum kawg, Urolithin B. Cov zaub mov uas muaj nplua nuj hauv Urolithins yog:

Kev noj haus qhov chaw	Ellagic kua qaub
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo (mg/100g tshiab hnyav)
Ntsawg nchav	150
Dub raspberries	90
Tub Kaus Lim	70
Huab Tais	315.1
pomegranate	> 269.9
Lub txiv duaj	270
Lub duav	109.6
Txiv pos nphuab	77.6
Txiv pos nphuab	24.5
Txiv pos daj	1900
Ceev (mg/g)
Pecans	33
Walnuts	59
Dej haus (mg/L)
Cov kua txiv pomegranate	811.1
Cognac	31-55
Oak-hnub nyoog liab caw	33
Whiskey	1.2
Noob (mg/g)
Dub raspberries	6.7
Liab raspberries	8.7
Tub Kaus Lim	30
Mango	1.2

Raws li pom hauv lub rooj, Cloudberries yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj Ellagitannins siab tshaj thiab Ellagic acid, nrog Pomegranate ua thib ob. Cov kua txiv pomegranate, txawm li cas los xij, yog qhov muaj peev xwm ntau dua, yuav luag peb npaug li muaj zog li Cloudberries.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm ellagic acid hauv cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig tsis zoo ib yam li cov tshuaj urolithin hauv lub cev. Kev noj qab haus huv ntawm URolithins yog nyob ntawm seb lub plab microbiota ntawm txhua tus neeg.

Vim Li Cas Koj Thiaj Yuav Los Ntawm Peb Lub Chaw Tsim Tshuaj?

Urolithin Hmoov A thiab Urolithin Hmoov B muaj nyob rau hauv ntau, ntawm peb lub Hoobkas tsim khoom uas suav nrog kev tsim khoom, kev tshawb fawb, kev txhim kho, thiab muag khoom ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv. Peb cov khoom lag luam raug tsim los siv qhov tseeb tshaj plaws kom ua raws txhua txoj cai kev nyab xeeb, uas ua kom ntseeg tau zoo thiab nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom kawg. Txhua yam khoom tau tshawb fawb ua ntej kev tsim khoom thiab tau tshuaj xyuas zoo thaum thiab tom qab tsim khoom kom tau raws li koj tus qauv zoo.

Tom qab tsim tawm, cov khoom raug sim ntawm peb chav kuaj ib zaug ntxiv los tshuaj xyuas qhov zoo, lub zog, thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm Urolithin hmoov thiab lwm yam khoom lag luam. Thaum npaj txhij rau kev faib khoom, cov khoom tau ntim thiab khaws cia hauv cov chaw tsim nyog, ntawm qhov ntsuas kub kom raug thaum ua raws txhua cov lus qhia los lav tias cov khoom lag luam zoo tuaj txog koj. Cov hmoov Urolithin tsis raug tshav ntuj thaum thauj, ntim khoom, lossis khaws cia vim tias tuaj yeem ua rau puas tsuaj rau qhov khoom kawg.

Kev yuav Urolithin A hmoov thiab Urolithin B hmoov los ntawm peb lub Hoobkas tsim khoom tau lees tias cov khoom lag luam zoo ntawm tus nqi pheej yig.

reference:

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